The official fiction :

• Migration to sea with spawning in the Sargasso Sea (between Bermuda, Florida and Cuba).

The reality :

• One of our European eels spawn in the estuaries of rivers and marine coastal rivers, in a saltwater environment and at a temperature ≥ 20° Celsius.

Evidence :

• The presence in the abdomen of some non expelled eggs after spawning, female eels caught on coastal mudflats.
• The discovery of a newborn leptocephalus in my eels pond near Marennes.
• The discovery, twice, a major spawning ground on the Island of Oleron in April 2011, at a temperature of 22 degrees Celsius and a salinity of 35 grams per liter.

 

This study led me to confirm that the officially accepted thesis from Schmidt is false and unfounded.

His thesis considers that reproduction of European eels (Anguilla Anguilla) and American eels (Anguilla Rostrata) occurs jointly in the Sargasso Sea, which seems materially impossible to me.

For me, the leptocephalus collected by Schmidt in the Sargasso Sea around 1920 and later, were for the most part erratic tropical eel larvae, and more specifically eels known as Cuba eels (smaller than ours).

These larvae mainly originated from the mangroves of Cuba, Florida and Gulf of Mexico's coastlines.

They had been brought in this vast swirl of the Sargasso Sea by the late summer hurricanes that are common in these regions, just like the young turtles hatched on Florida's coastline were.

I am certain that it is impossible for the breeding European or North American eels, to cross the Atlantic Ocean (because of distance, temperatures, pressure and this fish physiology – branchial valve).

I am also convinced that the larvae, as leptocephalus, would be incapable to make their way back across the Atlantic (West-east), whether swimming on the surface or various depth.

Those reasons are explained in my study (rudimentary fins, swimming abilities reduced in an exclusively vertical position, absence of blood, absence of gills, absence of swim bladder).

In addition, such a trip would have neither biological benefit nor reason.

According to me, adopting and backing up the Sargasso's theory seems absurd and I do not fear to say it and to write it, despite the majority of official scientists still being obsessed by Schmidt's hypothesis and the media uproar it has caused..

Amongst other major mistakes that have been published and taught, I point out the following :

• Unlike what is usually written, the European eel is not a pelagic fish, in other words an open-sea fish, whether in a larva form or in an adult form. It is on the contrary a benthic fish, a bottom fish particularly avoiding light hiding in mudflats.
• The only migration that takes place is within the coastline, going upstream of the rivers towards the inside of the continent then downstream to return to the coast.

This several years stay in fresh water, allows a strong physical growth, increases its longevity and delays its sexual maturity.

Once a silver adult eel, it remains close to the mouth of the river or estuary and does not go in the open sea.

It lives here primarily in the mudflats, a zone eminently rich in nutritive elements (like the mangroves are in a tropical area) because of the minerals' flocculation and the necromass, (phenomenon due to the meeting of two bodies of water, one salted and one fresh-water, causing a remarkable plankton mortality (zoo and phyto) and a physicochemical reaction leading minerals to precipitate.

After spending winter in brackish water, the majority of eels (but not all, and far from it) are preparing for reproduction with the rise in temperature to 20 degrees Celsius and more in summer.

This temperature change activates the production of sex hormones, which in turn will cause a rapid and important development of the gonads.

As for most fish, their growth and development happen very quickly (around three weeks) but can stop abruptly if the water temperature becomes too low and thus skip a year.

It is also necessary that the average salinity of the water submerging the mud sought by eels, remains between 32 and 35 grams for 1000 (30 grams/1000 seems to me to be the lowest threshold possible).

I am refereeing to the Atlantic coast eels, as each eel species includes several sub-species somewhat different and whose needs are different ..

If everything goes well, the females will leave the shore's river bank (the one that is exposed during low tide), also known as "couraud" in locally spoken or in a muddy channel, where they were staying to reach other mudflats in a more salted area.

There they will dig their burrows (if it is not already done) where they will receive young and old males, which are also undergoing sexual development.

The laying and fecundation will thus take place normally from July to August according to the local weather: The warmer the water, the most significant it will be (ideal : 25° C).

The eggs will remain deep inside the very nutritious mud and the eels will then leave the mud holes to wonder about the "couraud" (river bed on the shore) in the search of food (shrimps, small crabs or fishes…). Only the oldest one will die (these are the ones seen by coastal sailors during hot summers in state of corpses) .

After a few weeks, the fertilized eggs turned into embryos (very small and in very large numbers) will hatch to give tiny transparent larvae (measuring less than a millimeter in length) that will stay put.

3 to 4 weeks later, when the temperature drops to 20°C and then 15° C in October, those larvae will become leptocephalus. They will stay well hidden in the depths of the mud holes where it is warmer than the water and especially to avoid important thermal variation. It is also inaccessible for men, thus sparking the mystery of the leptocephalus.

The leptocephalus

Personally I initially observed leptocephalus on photographs.

I base my descriptions on studies from a variety of scientific researchers, made on isolated individuals collected in the Atlantic Ocean, which appear to me to be only strays carried by marine currents or resulting from heated salt water aquariums after injection of sex hormones.

I note the main descriptions concerning these larvae :

• their single fins are rudimentary,
• the fact that leptocephalus can move only vertically and not in a longitudinal way (because only pectoral pedonculate fins are developed allowing only rotational movement),
• their sight is very restricted and only allows night vision (rod retinal photoreceptors),
• the absence of circulatory system thus lack of blood and hemoglobin,
• lack of cellular organization of the body, a viscous gel instead (thus little muscles allowing motion),
• a few teeth are found, pointing outwards and shaped like pickaxes,
• a simple digestive tract but that produces trypsin, therefore able to digest ingested proteins,
• the lack of respiratory system, a very primitive cutaneous respiration instead, still present in the glass-eel. Once an adult, the eel uses both cutaneous and branchial respiration and both in water and in moist air.

These anatomical and physiological details have been made, expressed and printed by professional scientists specialized in the study of eel.

All these anatomical and physiological observations bring me to draw completely opposite conclusions to Schmidt's Sargasso Sea thesis, which has been accepted and adopted by the international scientific community.

It is obvious, and all these observations prove it in a very clear way, that this larva would be completely incapable of making its way from the center of the tropical Sargasso Sea to La Rochelle and its surroundings, representing a distance of approximately 8000 kilometers!

I therefore conclude that the larvae hatching from fertilized eel eggs laid in mud pit along estuaries "couraud" or "stream" or "channel" (river bed on the shore), stay within this very nutritive mudflat.

The necromass (decomposing organic matter) in the surrounding will be used as primary food for the leptocephali larvae. Using their outward pointed teeth to detach and ingest small part of this matter, the larvae will then absorb its nutrients and minerals (they are detritivores).

This leptocephalus will decide to hatch generally towards the end of September to the beginning of October.

At that moment, because of its minuscule size, it is almost invisible, especially in the black mud deposited on the sand banks located farther away at sea (about 3 to 4 kms off of the mouth of the estuaries).

Leptocephali will thus be present off the coasts, in the mudflats that will be barely exposed at low tide if not at all. At the beginning, they measure hardly more than one millimeter.

By the end of October, with mild weather, they barely measure 2 millimeters. It is at that time that I found my first leptocephalus, while doing an optical microscopic examination of filamentous algae using a 10X magnification for the eyepiece and a 10X magnification value for the objective lens.

Due to the animal's vivacity and the excess of water I had on my blade, I was not able to observe it long enough or photograph it. But I had a very clear view.

Although I did not see the anterior part of the body which had already gotten out of the microscopic field, I clearly saw the posterior part :

• A tail with small reddish orange fin undulating franticly, no blood vessel, no vertebrae, but a gray body with an anguilliforme structure (showing somewhat of a striated pattern), and a constant and very strong undulation.

This finding and simple but yet truthful description, allows us to conclude that this was a leptocephalus and not a small nematode which does not present this kind of undulation nor is transparent.

So where did this leptocephalus come from?

The answer is quite simple; it resulted from of one of my eels breeding.

If for any reasons it came from outside my "claire" (man-made salt water pound fed by the sea) (despite the valve being equipped with a very fine filter), it would not be from the Sargasso Sea but from a canal in the area (Marenne).

It was way too small and too young to have been able to cross the Atlantic.

This existing fact is the proof that this leptocephalus was born right here in the "claire" (salt water pound).

As for breeding my own eels, the most limiting factor would only be a variation in the salinity, which must be a major setback for reproduction. It is probably the main downfall to my system of "claire" (salt water pound) experiments in addition to the lack of electricity, which does not allow me to oxygenate the water.

It is a known fact that leptocephali's osmotic level are very close to that of sea water, which explains the necessity for them to develop in salt water.

In reality, it is only at the end of their first spring season, that the leptocephalus shows a significant growth. This growth will continue until the end of September and it is only during its second year (in other words, after its second spring and summer), that the larva will undergo a major development.

Then, during its second autumn season and while measuring ten centimeters long, it will be able to metamorphose into a glass eel, therefore shaped like a true eel.

From all those field studies, in other words in brackish water, mudflats, at sea, or along the coast, two important facts stand out :

1) On August 4th 2006, I had the opportunity to conduct an autopsy on four eels having recently spawned. In their oviduct I found several eggs that had not been expulsed and were therefore edematous, much larger than normally laid eggs.

In a very similar way, it is common to detect in female trouts (which are physiologically much better known than eels) that have just spawned, some eggs that were not expulsed and therefore remain in the abdominal cavity for some time. These eggs are edematous and will eventually be completely reabsorbed by the body.

This characteristic is well known amongst fishfarmers who use breeding.

Therefore, the presence of eggs not expulsed in the eel's abdomen is the formal and undeniable proof of a recent spawning.

Thus I can affirm that eels do lay their eggs at the bottom of their burrows in the mudflats off the coast. It is a proven fact and the four eels in question containing few eggs not expelled, came of the bench said, "Bourgeois" and located between Marennes Oleron Island up to the point called "Point of Manson" off "The Beurette."

2) On October 30th 2009, I collected a water and algae sample with a plastic bottle in our experimental "claire" (salt water pound), in Marennes' mudflats. On October 31st 2009, at 4 p.m., I examined its contents and found a very young leptocephalus.

This young and wild leptocephalus is the second proof that, regarding the Atlantic eel, reproduction occurs along the Charente's coast and that leptocephali are born towards the end of September in normal times.

This has nothing to do with the Sargasso Sea in which, despite all of the researches, no eel, elver, glass eel and not even a single egg was found.

Opinions on eel reproduction can differ, but those two observations (listed above) cannot be questioned nor disregarded. Allow me to point them out again :

• The presence of eels that had just spawned on the Charente's coast.
• The discovery of a young and wild leptocephalus, in a "claire" (salt water pound) containing a hundred reproductive eels.

Such observations should if anything, give something to think about, even for the most conservative researchers.

In addition to this, it has been proven that the leptocephalus' osmotic physiology is very close to that of sea water, which is why the larva requires a high salinity to survive. It is what enables it to live under difficult conditions without major loss of energy - energy on Earth and in the Universe being the main problem for any living beings.

The discovery of a newborn leptocephali in the experimental "claire" of Marennes, is an event of prime importance in demonstrating that I am looking since several years that there is a reproduction of eels on the shores of Europe.

But she fishes by a dot, "How is it that you could not find a leptocephalus as these researchers have found that the vastness of the Atlantic, a few individuals, not colonies in the process of migration? ".

This is the argument that could oppose.

It has not escaped me and I will respond.

When Saturday, 31 October 2009 at 4 pm I have examined this leptocephalus newborn on one strand of seaweed, as part of a collection of water from my experimental "clair", it was, I might add, of my first review of the day.

My reaction was of course to do further tests of water taken from the plastic bottle and clear from my ( brackish water with a lot of seaweed) .

Having found a leptocephalus from the start, I had every reason to believe that the bottle contained a large amount.

It so happens that in the evening of Saturday, October 31, I was alone at home, making these exams without assistance.

It is also, at this same time of the first importance to me, I was feeling very strange, suddenly deprived me of any force without losing consciousness - suddenly I was in a trance with a total loss of energy, unable to achieve complete any activity.

It was, I later learned, my first attack of cardiac arrhythmia due to a malfunction of the heart.

This condition subsequent to my age (90 years old at the time), put me off this saturday evening so totally inappropriate.

The next morning, my health problems had disappeared, I wanted to take my exams, but surprise, in the meantime the housework was done and my water intake were gone.

The experiment was over.

Subsequently, the salinity of my "claire" decreased and then the oxygen night went down toward zero.

My residents really did not like these changes and ran across the road to reach the sea water.

Thus ended my experiment in a pool of brackish water not connected to the grid and therefore more difficult to manage.

So, for leptocephalus newborn, the explanation of the non-reproduction of my experiment.

The glass eel

After a year and half to two years, this leptocephalus larva still remotely buried in its mudflats in the vicinity of its hatching grounds, will undergo while standing completely still,another metamorphosis which will last approximately one month.

To give you an idea, let us look at the West Atlantic coast eels. They will spawn at the beginning of August 2008.

The eggs will hatch in September 2008.

From October 2008 to August 2009, small and vigorous leptocephali will mature within the algae inside the coast mudflats, where the water's salinity is higher than 30 grams for 1000.

Around the month of September 2010, metamorphosis will begin and continue until the end of October 2010.

By then, the very first glass eel will start to appear and their transformation will carry on.

However those dates are very flexible, as it can extend out to October on the Moroccan coasts, April in Vendée, and June in the English Channel.

This metamorphosis represents a great anatomical, morphological and physiological transformation, from a ribbon like larva into a serpent form cylindrical larva. The ribbon like form facilitates the larva to penetrate the liquid mud. The cylindrical form provides a muscular strength allowing the larva to navigate better against the current.

The tail is the only part not affected by this metamorphosis, as it retains its vertical structure.

The rest of the body is transformed. It now has a more complex cellular structure. The digestive track also undergoes modifications.

The teeth that were shaped like pickaxes fall off and are replaced by buds which will later on become the eel's needle-like teeth.

The retinal photoreceptors, which were rod type as a leptocephalus allowing nocturnal vision only, are replaced by cone type photoreceptors, giving them a better daytime vision (the leptocephalus is a true nyctalopic larva).

Their rudimentary fins become more efficient ones and this time allow the new larva to migrate thanks to an energetic and horizontal stroke.

The circulatory system is starting to form. Through a still transparent body, a heart (beating at a rate of 36 pulsations per minute) and a longitudinal artery (that will soon carry blood and erythrocytes with hemoglobin). Capillaries can also be noticed as well a vein alongside the principle artery.

This hemoglobin's presence will allow the appearance of gills, which will take a few months to develop completely.

However the primitive gas-exchange through the skin will persist, even as an adult, which will almost make the eel an amphibian since it is able to live temporarily out of the water, in a moist and cool environment.

This gas exchange does not occur through the eel's entire skin's surface. In fact, the dorsal skin that becomes pigmented as a very young glass eel, is thick and impermeable to gas. Only the abdominal skin remains thin enough for an exchange to take place – it is this area that becomes silver in the adult and is the only one where transcutaneous respiration occurs whether in water or moist air. It is this feature which explains the quick death of eels in transportation, in containers of a very shallow water (1 / 2 to 1 cm) polluting itself very fast.

In fact, it might be possible that the respiration through the skin would provide oxygen to the dorsal and caudal muscles while the gills would provide oxygen to the abdominal organs (liver, spleen, pancreas, intestine, sexual organs).

In parallel, a complex and decentralized nervous system will form, allowing the young eel not only to move, but to become more aware of its surroundings to better ensure its survival.

After approximately one month, its body is still transparent but is now cylindrical and equipped with strong fins. The glass eel will finally leave its pit in the mudflats, in which it was hidden from most of its predators including the Homo sapiens.

Little by little and at low tide, it will go down the small streams which are formed in the mudflats, or will "navigate the wave" if it missed the narrow estuary opening as they do in the Landes.

During the day, it will bury itself inside the mud again and wait for nightfall.

Over time, more and more glass eel will gather, all from the same spawning period, and eventually it is a whole colony that will reach the principal "couraud" (river bed).

Once in large number, the transparent glass eels that have just emerged will form a long line made up of thousands individuals. They will then locate and swim towards brackish water, less salted than sea water.

At night while pushed by the rising tide, this entire wriggling line full of life is stimulated by the current. Using their new fins and all their energy, glass eels will rush towards the fresh water estuary.

These still transparent glass eels will frantically swim with all their strength towards the mouth of the river, from which their fathers and mothers came.

They will do this (depending on the current's intensity due to the tide) at a speed of one to three kilometers per hourfor approximately two straight hours.

Then exhausted, they will stop and burry themselves all together only a few centimeters deep until the following night.

If there is no mud in the area, they will hide under rocks.

If nothing prevents them from it, they will swim up the estuary this way, two to six kilometers per night.

During this process, they will continue to evolve.

After one week, pigmentation will begin. They will become yellow and then darker.

Their gills will start to curve and be more structured, their circulatory system will become more and more complex.

Their stomach will appear and once in less salted water, it is the kidney, an essential organ, that will develop drastically underneath the spine.

If the temperature, which was 8 to 9 degrees at the beginning on the mudflats, goes up to 12 or 13 degrees once in the river, it will greatly benefit the whole eel colony since it will stimulate all their biological functions.

A swim bladder will appear under the kidney allowing them, while progressively entering fresh water, to be become lighter and less dense, therefore improving their stroke and making it more efficient.

At night our glass eels will look for a way to gain inland waters.

Unfortunately, only a few will be able to succeed.

The luckiest ones will become elvers after a few months and will continue to swim up the rivers (weighing between 6 to 15 grams each by January 1st, less than a year after the beginning of their journey).

As for the others, they lost their way, wondered off or were stuck in deadened canals because of unfortunately closed off winnowing (flood gates).

Many will die at the hands of predators (animals and human).

Others will survive, but because they were never able to reach fresh water, they will not undergo a normal development (not possible in brackish waters only).

This will produce dwarf eels that quickly become silver, most of them being males or sterile, but very few will be females able to reproduce (I found silver elvers weighing 3grams each).

That was basically the summary of eel reproduction and its larval life.

Nothing to do of course, with the impossible novel of the Sargasso Sea !

 

Spawning of eels in the Island of Oleron in April 2011

 

In 2011, I stopped my work as a fish research, following the deterioration of my physical health:

91 years, it begins to weigh seriously.

But nonetheless I kept an eye on the behavior of eels.

Well I can.

The winter 2010/2011 was very dry except in November.

It took place in the French Atlantic coast in an almost permanent situation of high pressure, resulting in a significant number of frosty mornings, a dry climate, cold in the morning, sunny afternoon. The temperature of the seawater of April was particularly high. She quickly rose to 19 degrees, then 20 and 21 in the afternoon on the coast of Charente, 22 ° or early May.

As the eel fishery sea became almost zero, it was noticed by fishermen in the sector, some poachers, rallies abnormal eel in some marine channels, called locally "achenaux".

These gatherings were found in off-season a few sites of marine supplies to the channels clear of the Island of Oléron (continental side) - old salt marshes.

These currents tend to come from Perth Antioch located between Re and Oleron, a depth of thirty meters and then carting water to high salinity.

These "achenaux" line the coast of the Island of Oleron and then enter the marsh opposite the mouth of the Charente. They meander between the light and receive no fresh water input.

Inside So the Island of Oleron, in April 2011, salinity was about 35 grams of salt per liter with a temperature reaching 20 and 21 and 22 degrees in the afternoon and especially dead water.

There, in the pits of marine channels, shallow, which were detected strong nocturnal gatherings of eels of all sizes from late March, early April 2011.

In this period of scarcity of eels, this phenomenon was noticed by most observers of the fishermen. One of them was not slow to throw the hoop - the fyke net is a wide funnel, fitted at the entrance of several successive bottlenecks allowing the Aguille to engulf them but not come out.

It turns out that I knew that this fisherman captured in fyke nets stretched and left behind three dead in oil on water in early April, 330 pounds of eels of all sizes, up to 2 pounds each and the end of April , the second dead water, exactly 297 pounds.

The sale was fulfilled in this instance to wholesalers or restaurants, the wholesale price of € 10 per kilo ( against 16 to 18 € retail ).

Such a decision represents for a small fisherman, a windfall of around € 1500.

But as these were done in a theoretically protected site, they were illegal and were held in very discreet.

As a result, I could not have the opportunity as I wanted, to buy a few pounds of eels for autopsy.

For me, there is no doubt, these nocturnal gatherings in these channels, dead water, can not be that spawning of eels.

Completely offset the collective spawning season. They are usually held in July / August by high temperatures and their location has long been known by a few aficionados.

But this year, in April 2011, the water temperature exceeded 20 degrees Celsius - and the temperature of the mud is always higher.

But it is the temperature that triggers the spawning of eels. This took place during the month of April with three months ahead of the season as usual in oysters.

I of course wanted to confirm the existence of spawning by doing autopsies that showed male and female gonads in full swing.

Not being on site and can only act through intermediaries, I could not enjoy the confidence of fishermen more or less poachers who still fear a denunciation that would be very expensive.

But these two fisheries, which I heard and who have been confirmed to me is further proof that the eel spawning on our shores in very salty water with a temperature over 20 degrees C and not in the Sargasso Sea!

As to their exact location, I do not intend to disclose - in solidarity with my "sources".

Still, it is important to learn that these "miraculous catches," are held in dead water, in a region where the coefficient of high tide is very strong. What is the reason?

First of all, on the fishermen side

During a high coefficient, the current is such that it would win the famous hoop and inextricably tangled.

0n the eel side

They seek a relatively high temperature. The high tide brings water from the large colder than warmed on coastal mudflats. To spawn, they choose the off water to have warmer water in peace and more precisely, the first two or three tides lift coefficient.

From these observations on spawning and fertilization, it should certainly not conclude that the eels choose only those channels for their reproduction.

They look for :

• A salinity
• A temperature
• A quiet place with low current,
• And a soft mud and nutritious.

It turns out that near Marennes, it is these channels in salt water tanker of the former salt marshes, which provide them with these parameters.

In the island of Ré, near Perth Breton, the hydraulic system is quite similar to that of Ile d'Oleron.

I have every reason to believe - by analogy - that eels spawn in the pit are Loix and Fiers d'Ars receiving salt water from the Perth Breton Pointe du Fier and extending through the "channels of villages "and other adjacent channels.

I have no information controlled in this region. I hope that those younger than me would study up on these data.

As for the Bay of Aiguillon, the last refuge for endangered eels, it appears that the spawning sites should be located towards the exit of the bay, near the mussel beds of mussels, to the point of Arçay, the tip Aiguillon of St Clement and the tip. It is in this area that the first emerging elvers.

Again research could be made for more accuracy. They could be facilitated by electronic screens, sonar which are now equipped with all fishing boats and would see the funds Couraud very acute.

In other coastal areas, topography and geology in different, other sites will be selected.

Thus, in Brittany, on the shores of the Manche it will be in the industry (over sea to the river at its mouth) at the exit of the enclosing cliffs freshwater streams in the first mudflats of "turbidity maximum".

This is the case in the river of Gouessant, town of Morieux, in the bottom of the bay of St Brieuc (exactly between the cities La Grand Ville and St Maurice).

In the Mediterranean where the tide is very low, spawning may take place past the bottleneck of communication of the brackish coastal lagoon with the sea and in the thick mud flats, which can be seen very well when you're in one of these small airplanes that fly over the coastline.

Also keep in mind that the limits of temperature, salinity and oxygen levels, may vary slightly depending on the strain of eels studied, which in Europe are manifold.

In fact, everything shows that European eels spawn in the area of marine estuaries of our rivers.

But to detect the exact locations of spawning, we must work, not cloistered in a laboratory, but the scene with the fishermen, and preferably the poachers who are usually the best fishing and especially those who know best the nature and studying fish behavior even if they can explain it as a biologist - is the association biologist and poacher who is the most fruitful.

These are my main arguments and field practices that led me to be certain of the existence of spawning grounds in hot eel on the French coast of the Atlantic and the Channel.

I submit these arguments to criticism to verify their value.

When I see very large gatherings of eels of all sizes and both sexes in a channel, how to infer that sex is a gathering and not just a local meeting, purpose food for example?

The question is interesting and I must respond.

Well, there is an answer to these questions and I provided.

When the hoop net is stretched, the first night, he'll usually catch a few eels, often small, male and female gonads undeveloped.

Throughout the trip, the eels trapped and terrified going to struggle, look around a loophole, enter their noses in each stitch to try out.

Such agitation is not immune to predators, including crabs - who would like to attack invading eel fyke nets. But they are still too strong and stand up to this army of green crabs that are becoming more and more arrogant.

If the fisherman does not remove his net at low tide and let one or two tides in place, eels prisoners will be more and more frightened and weakened.

Also, no capture will occur because the additional prisoners, terrified by their circumstances, emit a signal, presumably olfactory we humans do not detect, but know that all the eels and crabs predators such as.

It shows that if the net remains in place, no other eel will not take it. As for the crabs, they will be growing and will eventually attack, kill and eat eels, or at least, of the damage.

For the fishing net again become, it will be empty, clean, wash and dry in order to remove all the smell of fear and death that scares eels.

This is a fact well known to fishermen.

However, in the case cited assemblages of eels of the Island of Oleron, I noticed that the fisherman leaves his hoop nets up three tides on, and that it was full of eels to the first bottleneck.

What has happened that the eels are still being caught in the same place for three tides on, they are so suspicious?

My answer is :

It is not a simple a simple meeting for tourism or food, but a meeting of a sexual nature, a spawning ground, spawning one!

So here, in this case, nothing matters more than other sex and reproductive instinct.

The crabs themselves, to the number of eels and their behavior, get scared and leave. This is what distinguishes an ordinary gathering of a spawning!

The instinct of reproduction, on our planet, maintaining the life of a species because it is stronger than anything.

It is this faculty, which may allow this behavior to suggest that the concentrations listed in Island of Oleron in April 2011 were many spawning and nothing else!

C. Q. F. D.

 

Nothing to do of course, with the impossible novel of the Sargasso Sea!

 

Author : Roland Bellet – June 2011

Traduction by Anne Weeks.

 

Post – Scriptum